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<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\nIntroduction to Maison Bernard<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
Since 1868<\/strong>, Maison Bernard<\/strong> has been attending upon a wide clientele of professional musicians and amateurs of fine bowed instruments. Violin maker Jan Strick and Bow maker Pierre Guillaume, both appointed experts to the Prosecutor\u2019s Office in Brussels, have been running together the oldest lutherie workshop in Europe.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Settled in Brussels since 1986, they offer a constantly renewed, extensive and unique collection of violins, violas and cellos and their bows. Jan Strick and Pierre Guillaume have earned the trust of important foundations worldwide, of collectors and some of the greatest soloists who enjoy visiting their workshop.<\/p>\n\n\n\n More info can be found on their website: https:\/\/www.maison-bernard.com\/en\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n In the last decades Industrial CT-scanning<\/strong> has become increasingly employed in the documentation of items representing our cultural heritage. By means of CT-scanning the condition and authenticity<\/strong> of collectable violins can be revealed<\/strong>. It is a very powerful tool in both preserving and authenticating<\/strong> historic bowed stringed instruments. It enables detailed internal analysis beyond<\/strong> what visual inspection<\/strong> can provide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n CT-scanning also gives you the opportunity to create Finite Element Models<\/strong>. This way you can easily simulate and study the effect of (even minor) structural changes<\/strong> in the design, which can have an enormous impact on the sound.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The value<\/strong> of an antique violin depends on a variety of factors including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Since X-ray CT-scanning is non-destructive and allows imaging of\u00a0interior details<\/strong>\u00a0without causing damage, it is ideally suited to deeper investigation of such objects. Let\u2019s take a closer look and see which mysteries can be revealed!<\/p>\n\n\n\n We made the CT scan using our high resolution transmission tube system. <\/strong>The cross sectional view<\/strong> in Figure 1 is parallel to the length of the violin, taking the orthogonal view<\/strong> to this gives a view of the curvature of the violin<\/strong> front face, and shows some internal details in the wood.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Figure 2 is showing the wood grain<\/strong>, as well as some interesting other details near the top of this image: what seems to be hollow channels<\/strong> (black) and filled channels<\/strong> (bright), in addition to other areas of brighter material near the edges\/corners. These channels seem to be due to wood boring insects<\/strong>, and the filled channels indicate some effort of restoration<\/strong> (filler material\/glue being brighter).<\/p>\n\n\n\n Further inspection using oblique views in Dragonfly, can help to align the cross-sectional slice<\/strong> with the bright and dark channels. This is shown in Figure 3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Another useful tool is the de-warping capability<\/strong> to manually select dewarping points in a grid, and thereby create a de-warped plane, as shown in Figure 4. This allows to see the whole front face of the violin in one cross sectional view<\/strong> despite it not being a planar surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The interesting discovery of these channels can be further quantified and visualized.<\/strong> Segmentation was achieved with Dragonfly\u2019s deep learning tools, and the resulting segmentations<\/strong> are shown in Figure 5 in 3D views. Open\/empty channels and void spaces vs. denser filled channels and other denser inclusions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The contour dense sections are likely glue due to restoration works, but could aslo be due to the original manufacturing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The resulting segmentations can be quantified relative to the total volume of the violin wood<\/strong>: for the open channels and pore spaces, the volume fraction is 0.5 %. The filled channels and glue \/ dense inclusions contribute 2.62 %. These type of results could be used for valuation purposes for rare antiques.<\/p>\n\n\n\n CT SCANNING BENEFITS:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n POSSIBLE DAMAGES & REPAIR FEATURES THAT CAN BE IDENTIFIED:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n APPLICATIONS:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nIndustrial X-ray CT for violin makers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\nCT Results<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\nDragonfly inspection<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<\/a><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n\n\n\nKey findings<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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